Search
Hello, dear student! Today we are going to analyze verbs of motion which are formed through adding different prefixes. Actually, they have similar meaning - motion - nevertheless, it differs in texts and speech very much, so you should know when and how to use this or that verb. For a start, let's analyze the most basic verbs formed with different prefixes:
Ехать [yekhat'] - выезжать [vyizhat'], приезжать [priizhat'], доехать [dayekhat'], уехать [uyekhat'], переехать [periyekhat'], проехать [prayekhat'], заехать [zayekhat'], объехать [ab'yekhat']
Идти [iti] - уйти [uyti], войти [vayti], прийти [priyti], подойти [padayti], перейти [periyiti], пройти [prayti], зайти [zayti], обойти [abayti]
Бежать [bizhat'] - добежать [dabizhat'], прибежать [pribizhat'], перебежать [peribizhat'], забежать [zabizhat']
The basic verbs are highlighted, the following are derivative ones, i.e. verbs which have prefixes. Let's find out the meaning of every verb:
Выезжать (to leave) - to leave some place. This verb is usually used with adverb or time that shows when a person has left any place:
Выехал очень рано [Vyekhal ochin' rana] - Left quite early
Приезжать (to come) - to go somewhere. It is a verb that has the opposite meaning to "выехать". It is also used with adverbs and time but shows that a person has reached some goal or place:
Я приехал домой утром [Ya priekhal damoj utram] - I came home in the morning
Доехать (to reach) - to reach some place, e.g. when a person goes for a long time and, finally, he's at home:
Мы доехали домой в 5 утра [My daekhali damoj f pyat' utra] - We riched home at 5 o'clock in the morning
Уехать (to go away) - to leave some place:
Он уехал в мае [On uekhal v mae] He went away in May
Переехать (to cross) - the verb shows that the action was directed to something, that someone crossed something/some surface:
Они переехали реку [Ani pereekhali reku] - They crossed through the river
The verb проехать (to pass) means the action when someone passes any object. For example, I'm heading down a road and there is a house on the left or right from me. I have not stopped and headed further, and then I've left the house far behind, I can definitely say that I've passed it:
Мы проехали такой большой сад, а могли бы остановиться и покушать фруктов [My praekhali takoj bal'shoi sad, a magli by astanavitsya i pakushat' fruktaf] - We passed such a big garden, but we could stop there and try some fruits in this garden.
Заехать (to stop in/visit) - this verb means such movement as when we are going to some place and suddenly there is, for example, a forest in front of us. We decide to go through this forest, to stop in it.
Ребята заехали в гости к Маше, пока ехали в Москву [Ribyata zaekhali f gosti k Mashe, paka ekhali f Maskvu] - The guys decided to visit Masha on their way to Moscow.
Объехать (to drive around) - this verb shows us that movement is directed by something. For example, we drive a car and suddenly there is a tree on the road just in front of us. We decide to drive around it, i.e. we decide to take the side, on the left or right from the tree:
Объезжайте эту дорогу, она опасная! [Ob''ezhajte ekhtu darogu, ana apasnaya] - Drive around this road, it is dangerous.
Уйти [to leave] - means to leave some place or someone not by means of transport but on foot:
Я ушёл от Антона вечером [Ya ushyol at Antona vecheram] - I left Anton in the evening
Войти (to enter) - this verb means direction towards the object and we go somewhere or to same place on foot again:
Собака вошла в будку [Sabaka vashla f budku] The dog has got in its booth
Прийти (to come/to visit) - is the action directed towards someone again. This verb is often combined with the phrase "в гости":
Приходить в гости по утрам не очень вежливо [Prikhadit' f gosti pa utram ni ochen' vezhliva] - It is not polite to visit someone in the morning.
Подойти (to come) - we use in our speech, when we want to say that someone or something is coming closer on foot, too:
Мне придется подойти ближе, чтобы рассмотреть этот рисунок [Mne pridyotsya padajti blizhe, shtoby rasmatret' ekhtat risunak] - I need to come closer just to look at the picture clearly.
Перейти (to cross) - you can do it on foot, e.g. cross the street. I'm going and going and suddenly there is a road, so I decide to cross it on my foot:
Переходить улицу на красный свет - опасно! [Pirikhadit' ulitsu na krasnyj sfet- apasna!] - It's dangerous to cross the road on red traffic light
Пройти (to pass by) - this verb has the same meaning as the above mentioned verb "проехать":
Невозможно пройти мимо этого цветка [Nevazmozhna prajti mima ekhtava tsvetka] - It is impossible to pass this flower by.
Зайти (to visit) - the same meaning as with the verb "заехать", but we can "зайти" only on foot again:
Мне надо зайти к доктору на прием [Mne nada zajti k doktaru na priyom] - I need to visit a doctor
Обойти (to bypass) - is the same as the verb "объехать". The only difference is that we bypass on foot:
Лучше обойди это дерево [Luchshe abajdi ekhta dereva] - It's better to bypass this tree
